De sociologische bestudering van de beroepsvereniging

Samenvatting

The limited number of studies done concerning the professional organization can be divided into 2 groups: (1) those focusing on the organization and (2) those focusing on the profession as first done by A. M. Carr-Saunders, and P. A. Wilson in The Professions (Oxford, England: 1933. The 3 works discussed are: G. Millerson, The Qualifying assiciations (London, England: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1964); K. Prandy, Professional employees (London, England: Faber and Faber, 1965); and J. E. Gerstl and S. P. Hutton, Engineers: the anatomy of a profession (London, England: Tavistock, 1966). These works have in common a view of the profession as a privileged group, and a concentration on the function of the organization for the members. Millerson distinguishes 4 types of organization by their function: (1) scholarly, (2) study and information exchange, (3) qualifying, and (4) protective (the union). Prandy stresses status as a factor for participation in organizations as in 1, 2, and 3 above. This explanation is considered insufficient and is refuted by Gerstl and Hutton who stress the relationship between the profession and the existing work situation. H. Daheim's study Der Beruf in der modernen gesellschaft (The Profession in Modern Society), Cologne/Berlin, 1967, describes the professional organization as organization and profession. The organization is seen as mediator between the executors of a certain profession and the market situation.