Dilemma's in internationaal vergelijkend onderzoek. Problemen van validiteit en betrouwbaarheid

Samenvatting

An overview of problems of validity & reliability in international comparative research. Seven key problems are discussed in terms of dilemmas or paradoxes: (1) macro vs micro theories in explaining national differences; (2) standardization of instruments; (3) formal vs functional equivalence; (4) large representative vs small selective samples, & the selection of countries; (5) accumulation of experience; (6) cooperative vs centralized "safari" research; & (7) issues of nonresponse & reliability. It is concluded that in international comparative studies, goals should be specified during the planning stage. Restriction strategies, eg, selective samples, secondary analysis, & application of models with latent variables, are advocated. 66 References. Modified HA.