Use and views of physical restraint in select residential treatment programs

Abstract

The safe and appropriate application of restraint in residential programs is a challenge in countries throughout the world. Efforts to minimize or regulate restraint use are often emphasized. However, little is known about restraint practice or prevention across youth residential programs. This study examined variation in restraint rate and type, stakeholders’ views, and restraint reduction efforts in these programs. Using incident report records and qualitative stakeholder interviews from nine agencies, we found substantial variation on every dimension of restraint use. While stakeholders valued restraints for maintaining safety, strategies to minimize this tool were recommended.