Sociological work on values falls into 1 or more of the following areas: conceptual clarification; construction of fields or categories of values; empirical identification of values among selected populations; correlation of values with other variables; discussion on the relevance of a sociologist's social values to his scientific work; the sociologist's role in social policy & social action. Focus is on the construction of a typology of value-orientations. 3 theoretical assumptions structure the field of the typology: (1) As value orientations are conceptions of the desirable within the total area of social action & relations, the 4 Parsonian functional categories of integration, pattern maintenance adaptation, & goal achievement are used as a first & horizontal differentiation of this area. (2) A vertical division of each of the 4 horizontal subareas is achieved on the assumption that social engagement allows for the differentiation of 4 dimensions: social time, social space, social movement, & social involvement. (3) Value orientations are conceived as dichotomous choices. A paradigm locates 16 dichotomies & 32 unitary value orientations within the field, derived by the logical intersection of the 4 functional or problem complexes (IPAG) & the 4 dimensions of social engagement. The 32 unitary value orientations are defined. The developed typology should be applied in empirical identification & measurement of value orientations through the use of value statements to which individuals must react. Modified AA.
